~Chapter
One~
Does
the heart think?
It
is undeniable that medical science has advanced a lot in the last few
decades, if not years. It is a good sign if health professionals
admit that there are still many mysteries that they do not know about
the body. Every so often, medical science makes a breakthrough and,
as a result, we can understand a little more than what we already
knew about the body, and such discoveries if not very lengthy should
be of interest because however microscopic or seemingly mundane...it
should be significant to us since it involves us at our innermost
being.
Take
away the long words if possible, and explain medical discoveries in
plain English and most likely your audience will not go to sleep. It
is of interest that some of the more tantalizing areas of medical
science are also seemingly the least investigated or promoted. Many
of us from the time we were in school have heard interesting facts
regarding the wonders of the brain.
In
the 1990's school children were told that in order to make a computer
that could do what the brain does (now we laugh at this)
that it would need to be the size of the empire state building and
that you would need Niagra falls to power it. The statistics have
probably changed since then, but the message is the same. The human
brain is a spectacular precision organ, and unparalleled for ability.
It is not a quick task for neurosurgeons to explain all that the
brain does to allow you to raise your hand.
The
brain is marvelous, and a challenge for people who try to explain the
origin of this super complex organ based on long periods of time. In
enumerating in length the wonders of the brain...heavy books could be
written. But
for the sake of time and for getting to the point of this journey,
let's zero in on the unlikely participant of this narrative...the
heart. The topic is the heart. And the question is...does the heart
think?
“Well
of course not,” might be the echo of people you might randomly ask
on the street. Haven't we always assumed that thought and decision
making is a function of the brain? Perhaps, but we must consider what
we went over recently. It is a good sign if health professionals
admit that there are still many mysteries that they do not know about
the body. Though some of us may not be doctors, nurses or associated
at all with the medical field, we must at this point include
ourselves in the statement.
Unless
you are in the medical field or it is your hobby, it is likely that
most people do not know a lot about the body beyond the basics or
what they learned in anatomy and physiology. There are times when it
is good to have an open mind, and there are times when it is
dangerous, but when looking at solid facts about the body and not
opinions, nor positions on origin however possible or unlikely, it
can be beneficial to having an open mind when looking at the body.
It
is of interest that in many ancient cultures, people considered both
the brain and the heart as recipients of thought...that thought was a
function of both the brain and the heart. People in general have been
led to believe that man was less developed physically and cognitively
in an uncertain but ancient point in time many years ago. Weather
this is true or not is not the point.
The
complexity of the brain and the intricacy of how multiple systems in
the body operate as a group in a cycle, interdependent on each other
for survival speak for itself.
It
has only been relatively recent that people did not consider that
thought was a function of the heart. New medical research in
conjunction with what has been in the Bible for millenniums are
harmonious in that they both ascribe to the heart the function of
thought. The author of this work believes both the Bible and medical
Science because they do not disagree on this point. The weight of the
former however holds more weight than the latter, and this is how it
should be. So the question...does the heart think?
Before
we tackle this question more seriously, it would be beneficial to
take a brief crash course on the brain and heart consisting of a
basic list of the functions and duties of both. What does the brain
do, and what are its responsibilities? What does the heart do, and
what are its duties? We will investigate the brain first and then the
heart. Once we have a basic list of facts to go on for the brain and
heart, we can proceed to the tantalizing question...does the heart
think?
The
Human Brain...
The
brain is the control center of your body…in essence the perceived
headquarters or capital.
In
US&WORLD NEWS REPORT,
“According to cognitive neuroscientists, we are conscious of only
about 5 percent of our cognitive activity, so most of our decisions,
actions, emotions, and behavior depends on the 95 percent of brain
activity that goes beyond our conscious awareness.”
Some
go even further, but the point is that unconscious behavior is
something that the brain is very much involved in. According to Dr.
Emmanuel Donchin, the laboratory director for Cognitive Psycho
physiology at the University of Illinois,
”An
enormous portion of cognitive activity is non-conscious, figuratively
speaking, it could be 99 percent; we probably will never know
precisely how much is outside awareness.” (Dr.
Emmanuel Donchin, director of the Laboratory for Cognitive
Psychophysiology at the University of Illinois).
Your
brain is similar in some ways to the feature in your car which is
cruise control, and similar to auto pilot in an airplane. When you
turn on cruise control, typically you are not concerned about your
speed going up and down. Because you are using cruise control, you
focus on other things such as other cars, traffic lights, your gas
gauge and pedestrians among other things.
Auto
pilot in an airplane enables a pilot to maintain altitude, trip
direction and other details so that the pilot can focus on other
things such as trip logs and communicating with control towers.
While
you are focused on walking, cooking, talking and analytical duties,
your brain is controlling such life involving details such as blood
pressure, balance, breathing, immune system regulation, involuntary
muscle control, allocation, hormones and other important issues. And
what we have to learn, if it is something you do often will transfer
from something that you have to think about, to something that you
don't think about, but your mind has been trained to just do.
As
a disclaimer, I do not claim to be a medical professional, nor do I
intend to counsel any readers as far as medical treatment for any
illnesses.
Your
brain is made up of three main parts.
I.
forebrain
The
forebrain is the most complex of the three parts. It gives us the
ability to "feel," learn, and remember. It consists of two
parts: the telencephalon (contains the cerebral cortex and corpus
callosum) and the diencephalon (contains the thalamus and
hypothalamus). The cerebral cortex allows us to understand the weight
of information we receive from all around us.
The
left and right regions of the cerebral cortex are separated by a
thick band of tissue called the corpus callosum. The thalamus acts as
a telephone line of sorts, allowing information to get through to the
cerebral cortex. The hypothalamus is important for regulating
hormones, hunger, thirst, and arousal.
II.
brainstem
The
brainstem consists of the midbrain and the hindbrain. Just as the
name suggests, the brainstem resembles the stem of a branch. The
midbrain is the upper part of the branch that is connected to the
forebrain. This region of the brain sends and receives information.
Data from our senses, such as the eyes and ears, are sent to this
area and then directed to the forebrain. The brainstem consists of
the hindbrain
makes up the
lower portion of the brainstem and consists of three units. The
medulla oblongata controls involuntary functions such as digestion
and breathing. The second unit of the hindbrain, the pons, also
assists in controlling these functions.
III.
cerebellum
The
third unit, the cerebellum, is responsible for the coordination of
movement. Those of you who are blessed with great hand-eye
coordination can be thankful for your cerebellum.
Neurons
Your
brain has thousands of different kinds of Nuerons and for the most
part they fit in three different groups.
I. motor neurons.
What
makes you move.
II.
sensory neurons
What
allows you to taste and smell.
III.
Inter-neurons
These
fellows are responsible for relaying information between neurons.
The
shape of a neuron is like that of a beach ball with a vague star like
shape in the middle of it which represents the nucleus. There are
thin arms that offshoot from the nucleus which are called processes.
One of them is an axon,
while the rest are dendrites.
Each neuron has only one axon, which is what sends signals outward,
but potentially thousands of dendrites, which send signals inwards.
The ends of the axon are called axon
terminals.
This is where neurotransmitters hop synapses in order to spread
information to the next neuron, and the next one, and the next....
In
case it has been a few years since some of us may have taken anatomy
and physiology, in the nervous system a synapse
is a structure that permits a neuron
(or nerve cell) to pass an electrical or chemical signal to another
cell.
So
we can see here that the brain works in a similar manner to a bucket
brigade. Information is sent from the axon terminals of one cell via
neurotransmitters and then synapses to the axon in another cell which
receives while the dendrites store it inward. Then onward to the axon
terminals of still other cells down the way. The one axon and it's
terminal is the agent of the cell to communicate with other cells via
neurotransmitters and synapses. In effect the social party of the
cell. The thousand's of dendrites act as memory and store the
information inward. In effect the shy party.
This
is a very brief overview, or snapshot of the responsibilities and
duties of the brain. It is not intended to be an in depth analysis,
otherwise readers would be reading for a long time, and while such a
reflection on the brain would be enlightening and beneficial, to
remain concise we should proceed to the heart.
One
of the areas that will hold a great deal of interest to the subject
matter of this narrative is the cerebral cortex. We will examine this
amazing area of the brain a little later, and we will find how it is
in a way we cannot take credit for, essential to the physiology of
Salvation
The
human heart...
Most
people think of the heart as little more than a pump, although later
on we will learn how little encompassing this is. This important
organ is composed of muscle which pumps blood throughout the body,
beating approximately 72 times per minute of our lives. The heart
pumps the blood, which carries all the vital materials which help our
bodies function and removes the waste products that we do not need.
For example, the brain requires oxygen and glucose, which, if not
received continuously, will cause it to lose consciousness.
Muscles
need oxygen, glucose and amino acids, as well as the proper ratio of
sodium, calcium and potassium salts in order to contract normally.
The glands need sufficient supplies of raw materials from which to
manufacture the specific secretions. If the heart ever ceases to pump
blood the body begins to shut down and after a very short period of
time will die.
The
heart is essentially a muscle(a little larger than the fist). Like
any other muscle in the human body, it contracts and expands. Unlike
skeletal muscles, however, the heart works on the "All
-or-Nothing Law". That is, each time the heart contracts it does
so with all its force. In skeletal muscles, the principle of
"gradation" is present. The pumping of the heart is called
the Cardiac Cycle, which occurs about 72 times per minute.
This
means that each cycle lasts about eight-tenths of a second. During
this cycle the entire heart actually rests for about four-tenths of a
second. The Heart works as a pump moving blood around in our bodies
to nourish every cell. Used blood, that is blood that has already
been to the cells and has given up its nutrients to them, is drawn
from the body by the right half of the heart, and then sent to the
lungs to be reoxygenated.
Blood
that has been reoxygenated by the lungs is drawn into the left side
of the heart and then pumped into the blood stream. It is the atria
which draw the blood from the lungs and body, and the ventricles that
pump it to the lungs and body. The output of each ventricle per beat
is about 2 tablespoons. In a trained athlete the heart pumps 4
tablespoons.
With
the average heart rate of 72 beats per minute the heart will pump
over 1 pound of blood per ventricle, or almost 3 pounds per minute.
This is called the cardiac output. In a trained athlete the total
cardiac output is about 6 pounds. If we multiply the normal,
non-athlete output by the average age of 70 years, we see that the
cardiac output of the average human heart over a life time would be
about 250,000 gallons! Even if we looked at the heart as just a pump,
this is impressive.
And
yet, if we are to discuss how and why the heart thinks, the reader
can grasp that, while useful, this information does not really
address the subject, “does the heart think.” So we will remember
this information, and be happy we read it. Yet we will also begin to
cover what modern medical discoveries are telling us in just how much
more this complex organ exceeds in versatility and scope the
duties of a pump. Our discoveries about the heart will be much
more involved.
If
we take the Bible seriously, and we strive to adhere to its
principles, and if we observe recent medical discoveries...we will
discover in ourselves two fantastic organs of complexity and design
locked in a life and death struggle with eternal ramifications at
stake...and never a sound from either to betray their opposition to
each other.
We
can observe what is unnoticed and unknown by so many people... how
the heart which has only 40,000 neurons compared the brain's 100
million neurons can so handily strong arm the brain and actually
physiologically issue orders which in most cases the brain does not
disobey. We can empathize with Paul when he speaks of doing that
which he did not want to do, and not doing what he wanted. Like him
our cry has often been, “who shall deliver us from this body of
death?”
We
can observe our knowledge of what is right, verses the passion that
overcomes it so often. This eloquently speaks of the need of the
savior. As such, we need to dig deeper in how the heart and the brain
interact...first in Biblical research and then in medical science. We
cannot do this and determinedly regard the heart as just a pump,
because if we do we are allowing ourselves to slumber in determined
ignorance, and such slumber will effect our spiritual life.
Biblical
evidence and then medical science is a buttress to fact that we need
a new heart just as Jesus said. If someone is falling asleep, should
we not rouse them with pertinent facts rather than sing a lullaby to
them? This will not be a lullaby attempting to placate us. It will
not be a sing song voice selling the malignant lie that the heart is
naturally good.
We
need to be jolted by the fact that medical science and the Bible both
agree that the heart thinks and physiological stands in the way of
our salvation. This again buttresses what the Bible has said all
along...without the Savior we are doomed. Can the heart really be
such an enemy? “The heart is desperately wicked and deceitful above
all things.” Could our own heart unwittingly...actually deceive us?
This
pertinent information is as it were the 120 piece orchestra in full
swing playing Handel's Hallelujah chorus. We will dig deeper in facts
concerning the heart, the brain, medical discoveries and most
importantly the Holy Scriptures. We will first delve into the heart
and then into the brain as they often combat each other (unbeknownst
to people in general) for supremacy.
Have
we not all experienced that moment when we feel that we could be two
different people when we are pulled in two different ways and between
two different desires without a way to account for it? There are some
shocking discoveries in this narrative yet to come and surprises like
pop fireworks when they are loaded and the string is pulled. The
intent is to lead open eyes and rouse profound riveted reflection.
Come
on this voyage of discovery. Next stop, the thinking heart...what the
Bible and medical science have to say on this, and how they
ultimately harmonize with each other.